Atomic Structure & The Periodic Table

Atomic Structure

• Protons 1 amu positive charge found in nucleus
• Neutrons 1 amu neutral charge found in nucleus
• Electrons  Mass close to zero negative charge found in clouds surrounding nucleus
• The nucleus is positively charged

determining the # of p n and e in a neutral of charged ion
isotopes
calculating average atomic mass

Theories of Atomic Structure
dalton Thompson
Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment- an atom is mostly empty space with a dense, positively charged nucleus
bohr's energy levels
higher energy e- farther from nuclus
Spectral Lines- formed when excited electrons release energy and fall back down to ground state
quantum theory
principle energy levels
Hunds rule for orbital filling
excited vs ground state configurations
determining number of valence electrons

Periodic Table
groups/families- how are elements alike
names of important groups
periods- what do these elements have in common
solid liquids and gases
metals lose electrons and form positive ions
nonmentals gain electrons and form negative ions
properties
metalloids
metallic character nonmetallic character
most reactive metals
most reactive nonmetals
atomic vs ionic radius
trends
Atomic Regents Questions